DESIRABLES IN FASTING
Q. What are the desirable acts in fasting?
The desirable acts in fasting are as
follows:
i. Eating something for Sahri (predawn
meals);
ii. Affirming the intention in advance i.e.,
on the night before;
iii. Delaying the Sahri as long as one is sure
that eating will be completed before true dawn;
iv. Making haste in Iftar when no doubt is
left about the setting of the sun;
v. Avoiding evils like telling lies and use
of abusive language;
vi. Breaking fast with dry or fresh dates or
in their absence with water.
Q. What is Sahri and at what time should it
be taken?
Shari is eating something towards the end
of the night before true dawn. Appropriate time for it is the fag end of the
night before true dawn. Eating something for Sahri is the Prophet’s precept. It
will attract great reward from Al-lah.
Even if one is not hungry one helping or two should be taken.
UNDESIRABLE ACTS IN FASTING
Q. What acts are undesirable in fasting?
The acts undesirable in fasting are as
under:
i. Chewing gum or keeping something in the
mouth;
ii. Tasting something, nevertheless if a
woman has a husband who is ill-natured and haughty, she is allowed to taste the
salt of a preparation with the tip of the tongue;
iii. Spreading one’s legs too wide in cleaning
after the satisfaction of the nature’s call or overdoing either in rinsing the
mouth or passing water through the nose;
iv. Collecting too much saliva in the mouth
and swallowing it;
v. Back-biting, speaking falsehood and using
abusive language;
vi. Demonstrating impatience or nervousness
(because of fasting);
vii. Deliberately postponing the bath till
after the true dawn when bath becomes due;
viii. Cleaning the teeth with a powder or by
crushing the soft coal in the mouth.
Q. What acts are not undesirable during
fasts?
The following acts are not undesirable in
fasts:
i. Putting antimony into eyes;
ii. Applying oil on the body or the hair;
iii. Taking bath to cool oneself;
iv. Brushing the teeth even with the green
twig of a tree;
v. Applying or inhaling perfume;
vi. Eating or drinking something through
forgetfulness;
vii. Vomiting without intention or without
outside effort;
viii. Swallowing one’s alive;
ix. Getting a fly or smoke down one’s throat
without intention;
The above acts neither nullify nor affect
the fast.
Q. What do we mean by nullifiers of fast?
Nullifiers are acts that break or
invalidate the fast. Nullifiers are of two kinds: those that make it necessary
for us to make up for the missed fast at a later date and those which render
expiation necessary.
Q. What nullifiers render Qada (missed)
fasts necessary?
These are:
i. A situation where someone else has
forcibly put something into your mouth provided it also gets down the throat;
ii. You know that you were fasting and yet
some water down your throat accidentally while rinsing the mouth;
iii. Your stomach threw out something and you
again put it back down the throat deliberately;
iv. You threw out a mouthful of vomit through
your effort;
v. You deliberately swallowed something such
a pebble a piece of clay or paper;
vi. You freed with the help of your tongue
some eatable stuff that was of the size of a grain of gram (or more) and had
got stuck in the teeth and swallowed it. But if you had taken the stuff out of
the mouth and then taken it down, your fast will immediately break even though
the stuff is not even of the size of a grain of gram;
vii. Pouring oil into the ears;
viii. Putting snuff into the nose;
ix. Swallowing back the blood coming out of
the mouth provided the blood forms the greater part of the saliva forms the
greater part of the saliva thus swallowed;
x. Eating something through forgetfulness
and persisting in eating in spite of the realization of the mistake under the
impression that the fast has already got broken;
xi. Eating for Sahri under the impression
that true dawn had not broken although it was later discovered that it really
had.
xii. Breaking a fast other than for Ramadhan
with full intention;
xiii. Breaking the fast before time being
deceived by dust or cloud;
In all situation only the fast thus
nullified has to be observed again.
Q. Under what circumstances do the the Qada
(missed) and Kaf-farah (expiation) fasts become necessary?
Both the Qada fast and the expiation
become necessary if anyone of the following situations arise during a Ramadhan
fast:
i. Deliberately eating or drinking anything
that is used as a diet, medicine or for the pleasure of the palate;
ii. Doing the sex act with due intention;
iii. Having one’s vein punctured or applying
antimony to the eyes then eating or drinking something with full intention
under the impression that fast already stands broken as a result of anyone of
the above mentioned acts.
Q. Is a person whose fast has got nullified
because of one or other reason permitted to eat and drink during Ramadhan?
No, he is on the other hand, duty bound
to abstain from eating and drinking until evening. Similarly, if a person on
journey gets back home before sunset, a minor attains to the stage of puberty,
a woman gets clear of menstruation or a lunatic regains sanity during the day,
they are also duty bound to complete the rest of the day without eating or
drinking as though they were fasting.
Q. Does any fast other than that of
Ramadhan, if disturbed deliberately, make expiation necessary?
No, expiation becomes called for only if
a fast in Ramadhan is tampered with. No fast at any other time (even though it
be to redeem the missed fast of Ramadhan), if tampered with makes expiation
necessary.
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