Recitation in Salat

Q.   What matter is recited during Salat and what are the names given to its various parts?

  The names and the text of the matter recited in the Salat are as given below:

TAKBIR (glorification of Al-lah):

AL-LAHU AKBAR

(Al-lah is the Greatest)

THANA (Hymn in praise of Al-lah):

SUBHANA-KA-L-LA-HUM-MA WA BI-HAMDIKA WA TABARAK-ASMUKA WA TAALA-JADDU-KA WA-LA ILAHA GHAI-RUK.

(O Al-lah! Thou Art Sanctified, we praise Thee. Thy name is of great Blessedness, and Thy Greatness is Supreme and none else is worthy except Thee.)

TAAW’WUZ (Seeking Al-lah’s protection):

A’UZU BIL-LAHI MINASH-SHAITANIR-RAJIM.

(I seek the protection of Al-lah from the accursed Satan.)

TASMIYAH (Pronouncing Al-lah’s name):

BISMIL-LAHIR-RAHMANIR-RAHIM.

(In the name of Al-lah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

SURAH AL-FATIHA or AL-HAMD:

            AL-HAMDU LIL-LAHI RAB-BIL-‘ALA-MIN. AR-RAHMANIR-RAHIM. MALIKI YAUMID-DIN. IY-YAKA NA’BUDU WA IY-YAKA NASTA’IN.IHDINAS-SIRATAL-MUSTAQIM. SIRATAL-LAZINA AN’AMTA ‘ALAIHIM, GHAIRL-MAGHDUBI ‘ALAI-HIM WALAD-DAL-LIN.

            (All the praises are for Al-lah, the sustainer of all worlds, the Beneficent, the Merciful, Lord of the Day of Judgement. [O Al-lah] Thee alone do we worship and Thee alone do we ask for help. Lead us along the straight path, the path of those upon whom Thou hast bestowed Thy favours, not of those who incurred Thy wrath, nor (of those who went astray.)

SURAH AL-KAUTHAR (Fount of Abundance):

            IN-NA A’TAINAK-AL-KAUTHAT. FA-SAL-LI LI-RAB-BIKA WANHAR. IN-NA SHANI ‘AK-A HUWAL-ABTAR.

            (O Prophet! We bestowed Kauthar (the Fount of Abundance) upon Thee. Therefore, to thy Sustainer turn in prayer and offer sacrifice. Indeed thy foe is to perish.)

SURAH AL-IKHLAS (Purity of Faith):

            QUL HUWAL-LAHU AHAD. AL-LAHUS-SAMAD. LAM YALID WA-LAM YULAD. WA-LAM YAKU(N)L-LAHU KUFUWAN AHAD.

            (O Prophet! Proclaim that He, Al-lah, is One. Al-lah the Unique. He begets not, Nor is He begotten. And there is no compeer unto Him.)

SURAH AL-FALAQ (Daybreak):

            QUL A’UZU BI-RAB-BIL-FALAQI MIN SHAR-RI MA KHALAQA WA MIN SHAR-R GHASIQIN IZA WAQAB. WA MIN SHAR-RIN-NAF-FATHATI FIL-‘UQADI WA MIN SHAR-RI HASIDIN IZA HASAD.

            ((O Prophet!) Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of the daybreak from the mischief of all the creations and from the mischief of the dusk when it pervades and from the mischief of the women who breathe upon the knots (practice witchcraft) and from the mischief of the jealous when he is being envious.)

SURAH AN NAS (The Mankind):

            QUL A’ZU BIRAB-BIN-NASI, MALIKIN-NASI ILAHIN-NASI MIN SHAR-RIL-WAS-WASIL-KHAN-NAS. AL-LAZI YUWASWISUFI SUDURIN-NASI. MINAL-JIN-NATI WAN-NAS.

            ((O Prophet!) Say: I seek the refuge of the Sustainer of men, the King of men from the mischief of the sneaking whisperer who whispers evil ideas unto man whether he be from amongst men or genies.)

TASBIH for RUKU’ (Bowing):

SUBHANA RAB-BIYAL ‘ADHIM

(Glory be unto my Sustainer the Majestic.)

TASMI’ for QAUMAH  (RISING FROM Ruku'):

SAMI ‘AL-LAHU LI-MAN HAMIDAH

(Al-lah listened to whosoever praised Him.)

TAHMID for QAUMAH:

RAB-BANA LAKAL-HAMD

(O our Sustainer! All the praises are for Thee.)

TASBIH for SIJDAH (placing forehead on the ground):

SUBHANA RABBIYAL-A’LA

(Glory be unto my Sustainer, the Most Exalted.)

TASHAH-HUD or AT-TAHIYAT:

            AT-TAHIY-YATU LIL-LAHI WAS-SALAWATU WAT-TAIY-YIBATU., AS-SALAMU’ALIKA AY-YUHAN-NABIY-YU WA RAHMATUL-LAHI WA BARAKATUHU. AS-SALAMU’ALIN WA ‘ALA ‘IBADIL-LAHIS-SALIHIN. ASH-HADU A(N)L-LA-ILAHA IL-LAL-LAHU WA ASH-HADU AN-NA-MUHAM-MADAN ‘ABDUHU WA RASULUH.

            (All the salutations, prayers and nice things are for Al-lah. Peace be on you O Prophet, and the blessings of Al-lah, and His grace. Peace on us and on all the righteous servants of Al-lah. I bear witness that none but Al-lah is worthy of worship and bear witness that Muham-mad (peace be on him) is the servant and messenger of Al-lah.)

THE HOLY DURUD (Blessings on the Prophet):

            AL-LAHUM-MA SAL-LI’ALA MUHAM-MADI(N)W-WA-‘ALA ALI MUHAM-MADIN KAMA SAL-LAITA ‘ALA IBRAHIMA WA ‘ALA ALI IBRAHIMA IN-NA-KA HAMI-DUM-MAJID. AL-LAHUM-MA BARIK’ALA MUHAM-MADI(N)W-WA-‘ALA ALI MUHAM-MADIN KAMA BARAKTA ‘ALA IBRAHIMA WA ‘ALA ALI IBRAHIMA IN-NA-KA HAMIDU-DUM-MAJID.

            (O Al-lah, bless Muham-mad and the offsprings of Muham-mad as Thou blessedst Ibrahim and the offsprings of Ibrahim. Verily Thou art worthy of praise and art the Most Exalted. O Al-lah, bestow Thy favours on Muham-mad and the offsprings of Muham-mad as Thou bestowedst Thy favours on Ibrahim and the offsprings of Ibrahim. Verily, Thou art worthy of praise and art the Most Exalted.)

SALAM (Salutation):

AS-SALAMU ‘ALAIKUM WA RAHMAT-UL-LAH.

(Al-lah’s peace and blessings be on you.)

INVOCATION AFTER SALAT:

            AL-LAHUM-MA ANTAS-SALAMU WA MINKAS-SALAMU TABARAKTA YA ZAL-JALAI WAL-IKRAM.

            (O Al-lah! Thou art the Bestower of peace, and peace flows from Thee. Thou be praised, the Most Exalted and Glorious.)

THE QUNUT (Obeisance):

            AL-LAHUM-MA IN-NA NASTA’INU-KA WA NASTAGHFIRU-KA WA NU’MINU BI-KA WA NATAWAK-KALU ‘ALAIKA WA NUTHNI ‘ALAIKAL-KHAIRA WA NASH-KURU-KA WA-LA NAKFURU-KA WA NAKHLA’U WA NATRUKU MA(N)Y-YAF-JURUK. AL-LAHUM-MA IY YAKA NA-BUDU WA LA-KA NUSAL-LI WA NASJU-DU WA ILAIKA NAS’A WA NAHFIDU WA NARJU RAHMATA-KA WA NAKHSHA ‘AZABA-KA IN-NA ‘AZABA-KA BIL-KUF-FARI MULHIQ.

            (O Al-lah! We seek Thy help and beg Thy pardon and affirm our faith in Thee and rely on Thee and give good praise to Thee and thank Thee and do not withhold our gratitude from Thee and leave and forsake him who disobeys Thee. Thee alone do we worship and to Thee do we offer Salat, and fall prostate before Thee, and run and rush towards Thee and hope for Thy mercy and feat Thy chastisement. Verily, Thy chastisement is to close in on the unbelievers.)